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Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy / Volume 1 / Issue 5 / REGULAR ARTICLES

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J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 1, 053104 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3255043 (14 pages)

Reduction of NOx in the exhaust gas of DI- diesel engine fueled with mahua methyl ester along with exhaust gas recirculation

V. J. J. Prasad1, N. Hari Babu2, and B. V. Appa Rao3

1Department of Mechanical Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh 532127, India
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Institute of Technology and Management, Tekkali, Andhra Pradesh 532127, India
3Department of Marine Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530003, India

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(Received 12 March 2009; accepted 6 October 2009; published online 30 October 2009)

Biodiesels are alternative fuels for petroleum-based diesel without major modifications of engine. In the environmental aspect, also biodiesel gives fewer pollutants than petroleum diesel. However, the NOx level is slightly higher. To reduce NOx, some of the methods are being used, which include direct injection, turbocharging, air-to-air intercooling, combustion optimization with and without swirl support, multivalve cylinder head, advanced high pressure injection system, i.e., split injection or rate shaping, and electronic management system. However, technologies such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), soot traps, and exhaust gas after treatment are gaining emphasis to cater to the challenges posed by increasingly stringent environmental emission legislations. In this work, experimentation was conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine with mahua methyl ester (MME) in the neat form along with the cooled EGR and performance, combustion pressure, and emission parameters are collected by using suitable instrumentation. Same experimentation was repeated for the petroleum diesel and a comparison was made to evaluate the applicability of MME along with EGR without major modifications. After the analysis of results, it was found that 5% EGR is recommendable with neat biodiesel (MME) run, and in most of the situations, it proved its merit over neat diesel run.

© 2009 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MME
    1. Transesterification
    2. Preparation of MME
      1. First stage (acid-catalyzed stage)
      2. Second stage (base-catalyzed stage)
      3. Water washing
  3. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND EXPERIMENTATION
    1. EGR system
  4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
    1. Analysis of engine performance and emission analysis
      1. MME with EGR operation
      2. Petroleum diesel with EGR operation
      3. Comparison of MME and petroleum diesel operations
  5. CONCLUSION

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

air pollution control, biofuel, combustion, diesel engines, fuel systems, nitrogen compounds, petroleum

PACS

ARTICLE DATA

Permalink
http://link.aip.org/link/doi/10.1063/1.3255043

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:

1941-7012 (print)  
1941-7012 (online)

Publisher:

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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Figures (19) Tables (2)

Figures (click on thumbnails to view enlargements)

FIG.1
Free fatty acids breaks off with acid treatment.

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FIG.2
Schematic arrangement of the engine test bed and instrumentation.

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FIG.3
EGR system.

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FIG.4
Brake specific fuel consumption vs brake power at neat MME along with different percentages of EGR.

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FIG.5
Brake thermal efficiency vs brake power at neat MME along with different percentages of EGR.

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FIG.6
Exhaust gas temperature vs EGR graph at different loads with MME.

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FIG.7
NO vs EGR graph at different loads with MME.

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FIG.8
Pressure vs crank angle graph at full load with MME+different percentages of EGR.

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FIG.9
HCs vs EGR graph at different Loads with MME.

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FIG.10
Carbon monoxide vs EGR graph at different loads with MME.

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FIG.11
Free oxygen vs EGR graph at different loads with MME.

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FIG.12
Smoke value vs EGR graph at different loads with MME.

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FIG.13
Brake specific fuel consumption vs brake power graph at diesel along with different percentages of EGR.

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FIG.14
Brake specific fuel consumption vs equivalence ratio graph at diesel along with different percentages of EGR.

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FIG.15
Brake thermal efficiency vs brake power at diesel along with different percentages of EGR.

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FIG.16
Nitric oxide vs EGR graph at different loads at diesel along with different percentages of EGR.

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FIG.17
HCs vs EGR graph at different loads with diesel.

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FIG.18
Carbon monoxide vs EGR graph at different loads with diesel.

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FIG.19
Pressure vs crank angle graph at full load with diesel+different percentages of EGR.

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Tables

Table I. Properties of diesel and MME.

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Table II. Specifications of the didiesel engine.

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