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Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy / Volume 4 / Issue 3 / REGULAR ARTICLES

J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 4, 033111 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4719723 (13 pages)

The feasibility and current estimated capital costs of producing jet fuel at sea using carbon dioxide and hydrogen

Heather D. Willauer1, Dennis R. Hardy2, Kenneth R. Schultz3, and Frederick W. Williams1

1Naval Research Laboratory, Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability, Washington, DC 20375, USA
2NOVA Research Inc., 1900 Elkin Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22308, USA
3General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA

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(Received 14 December 2011; accepted 3 April 2012; published online 23 May 2012)

A comparative cost/benefit and energy balance analysis addresses the critical scientific and technical challenges that impact the economic feasibility of synthesizing up to 100 000 gal per day of jet fuel at sea using carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) from the sea. Included in this analysis are the capital cost, operation and maintenance, and electrical generation cost for synthesizing jet fuel at sea using either ocean thermal energy conversion or nuclear power processes as the energy source. The results suggest that jet fuel could be produced at sea for $3 to $6/gal. Comparing these costs with current and historical prices of fuel purchased by the Department of Defense provides insight into the economic and operational benefits of a sea-based fuel synthesis process for the Navy.

© 2012 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
    1. Theoretical determination of carbon and hydrogen needed to produce 100 000 gal/day jet fuel
    2. Theoretical determination of power requirements for hydrogen needed to synthesize 100 000 gal/day jet fuel
    3. Key technical parameters for jet fuel synthesis at sea
    4. Jet fuel synthesis by OTEC
    5. Jet fuel synthesis by nuclear power
      1. Nuclear power capital costs for sea-based fuel production
      2. Nuclear reactor technologies for sea-based jet fuel production
      3. Comparison of nuclear reactor technology for sea-based jet fuel production
    6. Cost analysis of jet fuel synthesis at sea
      1. Electricity
      2. Jet fuel production
  3. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS, PACS, and IPC

Keywords

carbon compounds, cost-benefit analysis, hydrogen, military systems, nuclear power, ocean thermal energy conversion, petroleum, power generation economics

PACS

  • 84.60.-h

    Direct energy conversion and storage

  • 88.05.Lg

    Economic issues; sustainability; cost trends

  • 88.60.nj

    Marine thermal gradients

International Patent Classification (IPC)

  • C10

    Petroleum, gas or coke industries; Technical gases containing carbon monoxide; Fuels; Lubricants; Peat

  • G21D

    Nuclear power plant

  • H02J15/00

    Systems for storing electric energy

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4719723

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1941-7012 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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    References


Figures (3) Tables (8)

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